Punnett Square Calculator
Calculate AA, Aa and aa offspring probabilities from the probability that each parent passes a dominant allele. Review the assumptions below and continue with the related guides and calculators linked on this page.
Fill in the required fields to see your result.
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Use the primary result together with the supporting outputs. Related Calciro resources: [Percentage Calculator](/percentage-calculator), [How Percentages Work](/guides/how-percentages-work), [How to Calculate Percentages Without a Calculator](/guides/how-to-calculate-percentages-without-a-calculator).
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How to Use This Calculator
Enter the requested values using the units shown. Keep all values consistent and review every assumption before interpreting the result.
Formula & Methodology
The calculator applies the displayed formulas directly to the entered values. Supporting outputs expose intermediate calculations rather than hiding them.
Worked example
For an Aa × Aa cross, enter 50% for each parent. The model returns 25% AA, 50% Aa and 25% aa.
This model covers a single autosomal gene with two alleles and complete dominance. It does not model linkage, penetrance, sex linkage, polygenic traits or environmental effects.
Educational genetics tool only. It does not predict an individual child, diagnose a condition or replace genetic counseling.
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Related Guides
- How to Use a Punnett Square Calculator: Genetics and ProbabilityLearn how Punnett squares predict genetic inheritance — monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, dominant/recessive alleles, and calculating phenotype/genotype probabilities.
- How Square Root Grading Curves Work: Formula and Effect on ScoresUnderstand how the square root grading curve works — the formula, how it adjusts low scores, why it's popular for difficult exams, and how it compares to other curve methods.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What does the Punnett Square Calculator calculate?
- Calculate AA, Aa and aa offspring probabilities from the probability that each parent passes a dominant allele.
- Can I change the assumptions?
- Yes. The main assumptions are editable so you can use values appropriate to your situation.
- Is the result guaranteed?
- No. The result is an estimate based on the entered assumptions and the limitations stated on the page.
- Should important decisions be independently verified?
- Yes. Verify important medical, legal, financial, academic, veterinary or purchasing decisions with authoritative sources and qualified professionals.
Last updated 7/22/2026